CIENCIA POLÍTICA

 The reconstruction of the Mexican State Diego Martín Velázquez Caballero The legislative processes that have generated controversy and irritation in the opposition that claims to characterize Claudia Sheinbaum's government as a dictatorship, imply nothing other than the deconstruction of the State after a neoliberal period that dismantled public institutions. The experience of the changes that removed the pillars of Mexican constitutionalism identified with the Mexican revolution, were more serious than those discussed now, unconstitutional and illegal, authoritarian and dictatorial - as in the case of the 500 murdered PRD members -; but the historical memory of the opposition manipulates the evidence and the process of counter-reforms. The face of the Mexican revolution began to change since the presidency of Miguel de la Madrid, it was not in the friendly and democratic way that the opponents of the Fourth Transformation now demand. It is true that the parliamentary task require

 Labastida Ochoa and the neoliberal rupture Diego Martín Velázquez Caballero Although he corresponds with the politicians associated with Miguel de la Madrid, the last candidate of the Hegemonic Party PRI, Labastida Ochoa, joins the moral crusades that seek to regenerate the old Official Party. He is a moderate politician who makes his appearance, probably demanding that the old PRI be purged of the current leader Alito Moreno. The moderation and prudence of Francisco Labastida led him to be the weakest candidate of the PRI that would allow the triumph of Vicente Fox. Just as Miguel de la Madrid was a politician imposed from the White House and supported by the Mexican ultra-right that prepared the arrival of neoliberalism, Labastida submitted to Zedilloism to accept the North American conditions that demanded political alternation in Mexico. The attempts to break with Zedilloism are probably inscribed in the tune of breaking with neoliberalism and recovering some shreds of the traditi

Donald Trump: Unity against divisive progressivism? Diego Martín Velázquez Caballero  Donald Trump: unity against divisive progressivism Diego Martín Velázquez Caballero Diplomat Francisco Cruz González, contributor to the magazine Siempre, refers to the risk of secession that threatens various political systems due to the development of the neoliberal economy and the social polarization generated. He alludes to the work of Peter Turchin to predict the conflicts between nationalist and globalist elites that are putting nation-states and the set of civilizations at risk, internally, as well as in international coexistence. Turchin has formalized the discipline of dynamic Clio to glimpse the scenarios that megatrends configure in human cycles. From his perspective, not only has humanity been prevented from leaving the 20th century as Samuel Huntington claimed; it is likely that the Balkan wars will move to other scenarios. One of the most significant is the United States of America. Turc

The Qanon Right Diego Martín Velázquez Caballero A conservative movement is taking place in North America that escapes the structures of social control that the Republican right represents. It has happened in the past, businessman Ross Perot managed to accumulate broad sympathies from Americans who observed the decomposition of the public apparatus and represents one of the outsiders who advanced the furthest in the political system. Now, Donald Trump, who has been successful in reaching the White House and overcoming the Republican Party, is trying a second part in the history of American civilism. For a long time, American public opinion has seen the difference between Republicans and Democrats as the same as that between Pepsi and Cocacola. The group that supports Donald Trump is diverse but focuses on questioning and rejecting the hegemony of a public apparatus that is limiting freedoms, security and order in North America. Trump is above the Republicans and some of them have decid

The Political Defection Diego Martín Velázquez Caballero    When the Cold War represented the reality of global life, the superpowers made political agreements with extremely authoritarian actors to justify control of space. Each alliance involved a few bastards who suited them for reasons of geostrategy. The political defection of our time can be expressed in this way. The hegemonic party takes the elements and cadres it needs without questioning too much about their ethical performance. They represent positions necessary for total domination. Defection changes when it is to the left or right. The left is oriented under anthropological pessimism and liberalism moves in optimistic defection. During the transition to democracy, defection was considered necessary because it would imply the development of independent and convinced political offers as in those post-communist societies. The formation of free and autonomous political offers would allow society to choose between consolidated

 French cohabitation in crisis Diego Martín Velázquez Caballero The French model is always exemplified as a hybrid regime, with a double engine, a political engineering design that broke the curse of anarchy. France is one of the few cases where parliamentarism could not flourish democracy, it was necessary to destroy four republics for the fifth to function regularly; until now, when Emmanuelle Macron seems willing to blow up the political regime or, like Marshal Petain, hand it over to the Nazis. The 5th Republic, one of the most admired regimes in Latin America, in addition to electoral innovations and legislative control, also moved on the assumption of courtesy and political civility. Mitterrand and Chirac, for example, despite the great power of the Head of State in the Gallic country, respected the institutionality of semi-presidentialism and tested the parliamentary engine when the legislative forces were adverse; Of course, the ministers of the cohabitation also showed legal r

 Transfuguism and infiltration Diego Martín Velázquez Caballero The hangover from the electoral process has generated the partisan emigration of several political cadres towards Morena, which had been happening since the beginning of the six-year term; but, now, it has increased disproportionately after the triumph of Sheinbaum Pardo and represents an uncontrollable phenomenon. Beyond the opportunism and pragmatism that these practices constitute, the despicable nature of some cases allows us to frame a greater phenomenon: infiltration. Transfuguism manifests the main Machiavellian virtue, that is, simulation; which in situations of siege and imperialism such as those that attack Mexico, should be taken with greater interest and attention. In the studies of the Mexican extreme right, the journalist Álvaro Delgado describes the infiltration processes that secret societies promoted in the different economic, political and social sectors; until reaching a degree of almost absolute control