CIENCIA POLÍTICA

 Lula's triumph in Brazil Diego Martin Velazquez Caballero Although the difference between Lula and Bolsonaro is not like that of 2006 between the left and the right in Mexico, an important fracture is beginning to appear in Brazil that affects our country and Latin America. Although the victory of the Brazilian left tries to get into the sack of populism, this is not the case; It is important to remember the technologies and spaces for collective action, including the geopolitical actions that the Latin American giant implemented as a hopeful and different model of what Heinz Dieterich proposed as the socialism of the 21st century. It is particularly worth remembering the technology of participatory budgets and the ideas of sociologists Leonardo Avritzer and Boaventura Do Santos. The alternation in the country where the most beautiful soccer in the world is played brings back pleasant memories of the debates in the doctorate of history and regional studies at the Institute of Hist

 the colonized space Diego Martin Velazquez Caballero In these moments of global geopolitical change it seems that traditional hegemonies are crumbling, it is even being affirmed -abruptly- that everything has become the third world. This situation requires a new look at imperialism, particularly the North American from the perspective of our country. The need for a bloc economy and the concentration of powerful states in their areas of influence has long been affirmed. The United States has exhausted itself and can no longer exercise that world hegemony that led to the victory of the Cold War. Capitalist liberal democracy, neoliberalism and rule based on mercantile justice have failed. The great American power cannot control its former regional enemies, but; Above all, it does not recognize its economic elites who have gone mad: Freadmanian anarchist liberalism is generating the end of the planet. Mexico became an American Sicily for following Hayek's neoliberal model. It has beco

 GUACA-CIA Diego Martin Velazquez Caballero During these days, the soft coup d'état has been launched, which was observed so much in different Latin American spaces where the left has tried to remain in government. The espionage to which the Mexican government has been subjected has an indelible and identifiable mark on the Ibero-American trajectory. Only the signature of Henry Lane Wilson was missing from the report. Illegally obtained information is intended to weaken the Mexican government more than the party in power. The opposition, which also punishes the President of the Republic, shows itself to be a faithful lackey of imperialism and a total factionalist. However, the hoaxes that North America sows so that Mexico is subordinated to its interests, affect us all. If Mexico falls, the United States falls. This concept has been repeated ad nauseam in many academic, political and economic forums. North America loses sight of the conflicts that ungovernability has generated and

 National Security and Succession Diego Martín Velázquez Caballero  For Antonio Velasco Piña, the sentence that characterized an ideological axiom of the regime of the Mexican revolution: Effective Suffrage, No Reelection; it characterized a mandate that was protected by the armed forces and meant a reprimand for whoever held the presidency of the republic under the concern of transex. The paradox of this belief in the mechanics of the Mexican political system is that it has been fulfilled in the authoritarian and pluralistic dimension. The vulnerability evidenced in the presidential figure as well as in national intelligence, translates into the abandonment of military support for the Executive Power and the concern of the de facto powers (particularly the United States) for the successor of Andrés Manuel López Obrador. Apparently, cyberattacks should be understood as a discord against the option that intends to follow, squarely, the foundations of the Fourth Transformation. Inheritan