Another Stripe on the Tiger
Diego Martín Velázquez Caballero
Mexico is at a breaking point institutionally. The most recent report from the V-Dem Institute at the University of Gothenburg, one of the most respected global authorities in measuring political systems, has reclassified our country. Mexico is no longer considered a democracy, but an electoral autocracy. This diagnosis coincides with the warnings that political scientist José Antonio Aguilar Rivera has issued regarding the erosion of Mexican liberalism. The decline is not an isolated event, but a seven-year process.
According to the assessment, the deterioration began after the 2018 elections and has accelerated under the current administration. The data is conclusive: Mexico now ranks below nations like India, Peru, and Senegal in its democratic standards. The world, in general, has regressed to levels of freedom comparable to 1978, but the Mexican case stands out for the speed of its transformation.
An electoral autocracy is a regime where elections are still held, but the playing field is so skewed that competition is artificial. Recent reforms are blamed for this regression. The reform of the judiciary to elect judges by popular vote is seen by experts as the capture of the last independent check on power.
By politicizing the courts, the balance of power disappears.The report details that freedom of expression is the first domino to fall.
Harassment of the press and attempts at censorship place the government among the top global offenders of the last decade. Differences and conflicts with civil society are also included in this category of curtailment of freedoms. The absolute control that Morena exercises over the executive and legislative branches has allowed it to dismantle the institutional framework that took decades to build.
In the words of experts like Aguilar Rivera, we are not returning to the hegemonic party system of the last century, but rather facing a new model that uses the legitimacy of the ballot box to suppress pluralism.V-Dem's warning is clear: when a democracy begins to autocratize, it is far more likely to collapse completely than to survive.
