United States: The World PRI

United States: The World PRI? Diego Martín Velázquez Caballero

The news regarding the North American interventionism in Mexico to alter the results of the next elections generates indignation, although it is understandable and common in the historical context of our neighborhood. Serious, but nothing new. What is interesting is not only the financing of the Mexican right but also of most of the political tendencies that serve geopolitical interests. US imperialism is capable of perverting the most noble and just causes to achieve its ambitions. A country that makes wars for peanuts and walnuts is capable of anything and much more. AMLO's remarks regarding USAID and IMCO are reminiscent of the anecdotes of the militants during the Cold War era. They all went to ask the Government for money, then they had to confront themselves or DFS would tighten the nuts on all sides and, finally, they all received resources to strengthen, as far as possible, their political and governmental institutes. The United States sponsors the right, but also many left. In a world where the geopolitical dispute was causing paroxysm in American society, it also encouraged Yankee imperialism to spread everywhere. The PRI's cement ran out when it could no longer have economic control to distribute jobs through co-optation and corporatism. This is the case with the United States. Morris Berman, Noam Chomsky and Samuel Huntington have a series of coincidences regarding the American decadence. The American taxpayer no longer supports the disloyalty of the Trust and, therefore, the Trumpist clique is preparing to fracture the American Union if the irrational spending continues. The post-neoliberal extractivist globalization that the Democratic Party has ended up championing no longer fits in the world of the future. The PRI was a caciquil corporatist confederation and the US was formed as a Gangster Trust. Both became a culture rather than an institution: the one who wins gets everything. And while such anarchist individualism has brought the free market everywhere; It does not generate community or society, it is the pure state of nature. Pedro Páramo and Leviathán dividing everyone to always win. And threatening to fold his arms to cause the violent night, the dust of men. When public opinion asks why does the PRI never die? It is enough just to turn to see the indifference of the political parties. The same probably applies to nations that ask Why isn't America falling apart? Some nations that have managed to establish themselves in a medium way without claiming the hegemony of the United States, had to develop important tasks to conform as States and Societies. It is the difference of the countries that have managed to block the incessant Yankee imperialism and safeguard their sovereignty. The PRI never managed to consolidate itself as a State Party, and the satellite parties that were created from it still remain marginal and dependent. The same is true of states colonized by North America. The current pandemic is a severe test for the identity values ​​of civilizations. The United States, like the PRI in 2000, faces the challenge of returning to the origin, reinventing itself; On pain of continuing in an empty, irrational pragmatism that ends in nihilism. America -completely- faces orphans if there is no willingness to pick up the story where the course went wrong. The United States is opposed to the task of becoming a multicultural state and society, provisions that were inhibited since the end of World War II. Imperialist interventionism only generates emigration, drug trafficking, poverty and anomie that, in any case, North America ends up correcting. How long will American liberal individualism endure this rate of exploitation? Zombies and aliens swarm all over the American geography and will no longer endure neglect and neglect. Just as they polarize other societies to reach civil war, the nine North America are on the brink of a radical internal conflict. The internal sociodemographic problems of the United States are more serious than those faced by China, Russia or India. In Mexico, PRI members of all political parties govern and the transition ended in a Failed State. How will the world end if gringos of all races and nationalities rule? The Davos Culture has radically changed its goals for 2030, the Democratic Party is tangential with respect to them. Joe Biden tries to imitate Constantine and rescue the Empire by handing it over to the Catholic Church, it won't work. Samuel Huntington's last book established the mechanisms of American regeneration, it is about forming a new society from a break with the corporatism of the trust, not returning to the corporatism of the Middle Ages. A long painful night is warned if the United States maintains the subsidy to terrorists of all ideologies, including anti-American ones, and does not allow geography to evolve on its own. Eurasia, Islam, Brahmanism and Buddhism; they will win the battle if they keep fighting to deny their existence.

The president and the chiefs

 The president and the chiefs

Diego Martin Velázquez Caballero

Every day in Mexico the gray zone gains influence, that is, the informal mechanisms that are imposed on the institutions to establish a hybrid of social control. The gray zone (Wil Pansters) is the intermediary offered by certain political actors and operators to solve problems where they are protagonists -cause and effect-; Although they solve little, they manage to stop the demands or, at least, darken the environment to confuse everything. This is how governance has been during the neoliberal era and the democratization that began in the nineties of the last century.

The Mexican State has made use of this gray area to address the problems of drug trafficking, social movements and neo-extractivism, the problem is that the State loses more and more. The federal government has capitulated many spaces and is unable, even, to manage its own engineering.

This situation is representative, says for example Moisés Naim, of the change with respect to the paradigm of power. However, the situation represents the actors of all times: locals versus foreigners, nationalists versus globalists. Depending on the country, the correlation between the elements changes, although in recent times it seems that nations are in permanent defeat.

In the Mexican case, the caciques are representatives of that strange power that is alien to the institutionality. Attached to the motherland, or distant homelands, these characters always question the State and manipulate it, they are advantageous in their particular or local interests and do not contribute to the well-being of the country. They lie when they say that they control the gray area, but their presence in it is real.

Upon the triumph of Vicente Fox, Lorenzo Meyer developed a reflection on the measurement of strength between the Executive and the factual powers of the country. The political scientist warned of the need for control over these actors and the ways in which they manipulated the public administration and the states. Meyer was right, Fox could not control the powers that be and opted for a discreet mutation with them. The country has paid the cost.

In each society, those with the greatest local membership and those from the neighborhood are always going to confront each other. The conflict between globalists and nationalists now takes preponderance in the configuration of the world order.

The porfiriato and priato constituted models of caciquil collaborative factionalism where agreements were respected and common projects were formulated. When cohesion and cooperation waned, the national chief had to exercise intelligent violence to reestablish control. Only in this way was governance established every six years and it became necessary to renew it.

As the transition progressed, the governors and other caciques began to break order. Roberto Madrazo Pintado was perhaps the first governor who confronted the central power and emerged victorious. Henceforth, governance became a disaster and not even with the army collaborative factionalism has been reestablished. Upon the arrival of Ali Baba and his 32 thieves (Andrew Paxman), there was fraud, but no governance.

The transition returned to Mexico at the beginning of the 20th century, it was already happening and, therefore, Carlos Salinas de Gortari ruled like Generals Cárdenas y Calles, and he could not subdue them, he almost ended up ruling as if he had been Carranza.

The iron control of the regional powers is fundamental for the presidential project. Now the governors, mayors and groups allied to them, promote ungovernability and contempt. There can be no better scenario for imperialism that takes advantage of any internal division.

The white, brown, university, religious, rural, urban chiefs, workers, peasants, students, feminists, street workers, etc .; they are being damaged by the attack on corruption. They react because they have never respected the State, they have agreed with it to remain advantageous operators and intermediaries.

The president still has a large base of support, but he has to lead the strikes like Cárdenas did. AMLO, in the course of his project, has forgotten to generate governance and his allies act as enemies not only because of the inconsistency with the 4T but because of the same particular interests that are being formed. The idea that the president is insufficient to generate governance is well known; the party has always been necessary as an extension, binomial and appendix. Lopez Obradorism turns into a church without faithful, before the end of the six-year term! Believers exist because the miracles are many, especially in the pandemic, but without a party the Messiah will end up crucified.

If Mexico Falls, the United States Falls

 If Mexico falls, the United States falls

Diego Martin Velázquez Caballero

There is an abundant literature that shows the historical interventionism of North America to bend governments and communities to its interests. Latin America is a constant example of military, economic, political and social occupation. The pandemic has come to demonstrate total American selfishness and pride.

The incessant media attack, internal and external, on the government of the Mexican Republic is part of the destabilizing American tradition. The United States of America embassy plays the role of being an uncomfortable and dangerous guest. He always betrays the trust of the country where he resides.

The relationship between the Democratic Party and Mexico has been more than unfortunate in recent years. Just remember the results with Jimmy Carter, Bill Clinton and Obama, there is a negative prognosis with Pretty Fly Biden. The Democrats hurt the neighborhood between the United States and Mexico a lot, they promote fruitless and superfluous discrepancies. They call themselves progressives, but they agree with the most caciquile, delinquent and retrograde groups of Mexican politics.

The comparison between Luis Echeverría Álvarez and AMLO is fallacious. Echeverrismo was an authoritarian nationalist capitalism that wanted to gain independence through the international dynamism of the non-aligned. Echeverría, a former LITEMPO collaborator of the CIA, decided to exercise a pragmatic despotism so that the Mexican State could recover from the sporting events to which it was subjected. AMLO is a pigeonholed ruler, trying to restore the State and ensuring that the public administration recovers the minimum of governability. Democratic interventionism wants to take over a country that is on the verge of collapse. Biden is getting more wrong than Trump, he has no agenda for the post-covid world nor is he in charge of the liberal eugenics set in motion. The Welfare State is a necessity for humanity and individualist liberalism must be limited in its anarchic neoliberal elites.

North America ends up paying for the broken dishes of the oligarchies such as the Atlacomulco Group and the Capellonacracia. Between 1994 and 2018, the violence and impoverishment of Mexico has only resulted in emigration and organized crime that have shaped the Mexican and, slowly, American Failed State. During the Salinato, the national government launched a Kemalista project that aimed at leveling and socioeconomic integration, sabotage of Mexico's economic development fueled decades of incremental emigration and drug violence. The unbearable closeness between Mexico and the United States has been fueled by the Democrats to the levels of social explosion.

The end of the Cold War meant the end of imperialist impunity. The behavior of the United States in other regions affects its internal processes. Mexico is a dam to the problems that the south represents, but it can no longer remain in a situation of remote administration or with absolute corruption. AMLO represents the necessary modernization of the South that extends capitalist economic processes to shield North America. Without development in the south of the country, Mexico's problems will lead to Central American and Caribbean dynamics that will make the US systemic threshold unbearable.

What happens if Mexico destabilizes? That the Failed State is contagious to the United States because it is no longer the backyard but the Living Room, what does a Failed United States mean? The dismemberment. The United States is not a Homeland, it is not a Nation but a Corporatist TRUST that is going to dismember as it was configured towards the end of the American Civil War. In the 19th century, the United States saved Mexico and Mexico saved the United States. Jaime Castrejon writes about it, “in 1987 Joel Garreau published a book that has held the interest of scholars during these years: The Nine Nations of North America. His main argument is that we should forget about current maps; The people of North America are naturally splitting into rival power blocs, with separate loyalties, interests, and plans of their own for the future. [...] The nine nations whose seat is not in the concept of the nation-state but in the grouping of similarities and cultural similarities, are: Iron and steel industry in the Northwest, Dixie in the South, Bread Basket in the Midwest. , Chicago and a small strip of Canada; Ecotopia on the north Pacific coast; Mexamérica in New Mexico, California, Texas, Arizona and from Mexico to Panama; New England, in the extreme northwest; Quebec, as a French-speaking country; the Empty Zone, from Colorado to Alaska; and the Islands that comprise part of Florida, Cuba, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands and the English-speaking Caribbean ”.

AMLO assumed immense presidential power in the worst crisis of political discredit and economic disaster, had to accept pragmatic and immoral alliances for geopolitics. The United States is also on the border of chaos with an immeasurable number of political bombs. Will they continue to heed Zbigniew Brzezinski's vision in a world that no longer belongs to them? Are you sure they all fit in the ships that lead to Mars?

FAR-RIGHT: CIA Agents

Far-right: CIA agents

Diego Martin Velázquez Caballero

The elections that take place this year have as a paradigm the clash between two forms of Mexican time. 1. The construction of a form of authoritarian obedience and 2. Democratic anarchism.

In the illiberal Ibero-American Catholic culture, strong leaders are indispensable, democracy generates conflicts that public morality does not know how to resolve. Ibero-America is distinguished by a deep sense of chaos. Informality and immorality are imposed on the character of the peoples and only in exceptional or minute cases, some are distinguished by honesty. Democracy is bad for the Latin American peoples, their elites do not have the capacity to govern with quality. Nor does a civic condition survive in the largest minority reached by the government.

Phenomena like Franco, the PRI, Perón, Pinochet, Ortega, Somoza, Castro, etc; they are part of a tradition that values ​​strength more than freedom. From a distance, they seem neither totalitarianisms, nor fascisms, nor anything, just plain authoritarianisms that managed to govern a numerous factionalism.

The nauseating transfuguismo that is experienced in all political parties and tendencies is a sign of the little value that freedom has in the political class, there are few leaders with principles, almost none. The decomposition of the Mexican political system did not finish showing itself in the EPN administration, it still reaches the current one and continues to gangrene it.

How many Lily Téllez are going to come to Morena this time? Transfuguism in Spain or Latin America is distinguished by its legislative vein and, perhaps, that is necessary for the government to disabuse itself of the limits and traps that its allies are going to set. This is the case of the characters who reach the seat for a party and then decide to sell their vote to the highest bidder. The recent experiences of Guatemala, Peru, Honduras and some historical ones such as Argentina, Chile, Colombia and Brazil, are an example of the poisoning that these practices solve in the political apparatus. A severe conflict looms in Mexico between the Legislative and Executive Power.

Some years ago there was mention of politicians in the style "Manuel Camacho Solís" and the abrupt changes that his attitude caused in the evolution of the Mexican political system. What are politicians like "Lily Téllez" going to provoke now?

During the PRIato the possibilities of a coup d'état or foreign intervention were reduced due to the internal discipline that the Official Party kept. The cost was represented by a gigantic corruption that was administered from the State. That is the problem that Morena has now.

The similes between Carlos Salinas de Gortari and Andrés Manuel López Obrador remain constant. When George Bush - father - did not win reelection, the Salinas neoliberal project began its permanent decline and now the same can happen with Q4. We have argued that Mexico does better when the Republicans rule in the US.

If Bush - father - had won the elections for a second presidential term, perhaps Colosio would not have died, CSG would have led the WTO and, probably also, would have already governed Mexico again, the 1995 economic crisis would not have occurred and, still, the Solidarity Party would maintain power under a social liberal neo-corporatism. Everything failed. Salinas went from being the Mexican Mustafa Kemal Ataturk to a vile oligarchic thief, Mexico had an emigration of close to 10 million people (which increased seriously with drug trafficking) and society had to face subsidizing the financial dilemma of the new liberalism economic. Not to mention the lack of control and ungovernability that began to live in the nation.

4T begins to experience an anticipated scenario of this crisis regularly caused by the Democratic party. Probably your dolphin will not be sabotaged, it will not be necessary if the relationship with the Legislative Power becomes complicated. While Salinas regained a legislative majority and there was even speculation about a re-election that the social group seriously considered, it is risky to assume that AMLO will have a peaceful relationship with the Legislative Power.

Salinas imitated Lázaro Cárdenas in the strategy of generating governance. And it was not enough. López Obrador does not control the governors - not to say that each one misgoverns in the most radical way possible on a scale that ranges from extreme crime to cave-dwelling barbarism. However, Lázaro Cárdenas did not manage to transcend beyond his six-year term, Salinas became a dark villain and the errors of the 4T add up and add up. Morenoism is becoming more and more like the 2nd Spanish Republic that did everything so that Falangism came to power.

The severe adjustments that financial capitalism will implement in the post-pandemic world are going to be terrible in the Mexican case: emigration, financial circuses, crime, ungovernability, etc .; It is the democratic recipe for good neighborliness between Mexico and the United States. Morena's internal groups have shown a more than damaging particularism, the capacity for harm, a failed intelligence, that distinguishes fools. Who told progressive groups that good government is one that only thinks about homosexuals, abortionists and vegan bicycle riders? Good government is the one that governs for everyone. Does the nexus between feminism and conservatism show us that the far-right turncoat learned to overtake the left?

The coup does not have to be military, or even abrupt. At the right time, the Legislative can cause chaos and a permanent blockade of the Executive. Joe Biden (the CIA and the DEA) are not going to allow it to govern. A relationship like that of José López Portillo and Jimmy Carter is envisioned and, as soon as we remember ……, we were screwed.

After World War II, the Mexican extreme right became an employee of the CIA. The fight against communism earned them influence, conspiracies, business; even power. However, just as Spain wonders what being a Catholic has served it, Latin America should question what being pro-Yankee has served it. North America subsists thanks to the mafia republic that is Mexico, but the cost is paid from here.

Vladimir Putin has built a legal scaffolding to guarantee impunity and try to preserve power, at least until 2036. The Russian leader understands that with the Democrats he can end up like Gaddafi or Osama, the serious scenario for his people also influences so that China distance itself from US interventionism.

The ultra-right involves infiltrating several dozen candidates for the legislative branch to change jackets - like Lily Téllez - at the right time. The second half of the six-year term does not show a smooth relationship between AMLO and the legislative representatives of the upper and lower houses. The alliances that MORENA has established with conservative politicians show sterile results.

Alfonso Reyes, according to Gabriel Zaid, pointed out how harmful the subordination to the United States by Mexican politicians would be; the best thing would be to hand over the country to them so that once and for all they try to govern it seriously.

La derecha y ultraderecha se disputan el poder en México

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La derecha y la ultraderecha se disputan el poder en México

Los grupos conservadores mexicanos se enfrentan a un nuevo escenario, con un presidente afín a sus ideas morales, pero al que perciben como un riesgo para el bienestar material. Este reportaje forma parte de Poderes no santos, una investigación periodística liderada por OjoPúblico en Perú, Argentina, Estados Unidos, Brasil y México, que detalla la presión y la agenda de los grupos fundamentalistas contra los derechos durante la pandemia.

Kennia Velázquez

Kennia Velázquez

@KenniaV

 kenniavelazquezc@gmail.com

https://ojo-publico.com/2338/mexico-la-derecha-y-la-ultraderecha-se-disputan-el-poder

16 Diciembre, 2020

“Señor presidente, alce la voz por la defensa de la vida”, le exigió el Frente Nacional por la Familia (FNF) a Andrés Manuel López Obrador, presidente de México para que interviniera ante la Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación durante el análisis de la despenalización del aborto en el estado de Veracruz. 

Esta organización que se opone a la interrupción legal del embarazo, a los matrimonios igualitarios y a la educación sexual en las escuelas, es solo uno de los tantos grupos ultraconservadores en México que ha incrementado sus acciones durante la pandemia para impedir que el actual gobierno impulse el enfoque de género dentro de las políticas públicas. Si bien los detractores de López Obrador lo califican de “abortista”, la agenda del presidente es conservadora en los temas de familia y mujeres, aún cuando su ascenso al poder se dio con el apoyo de grupos progresistas, pero también se alió con pastores evangélicos, con los que aún tiene cercanía.

"Poderes no santos" es una investigación periodística liderada por OjoPúblico en Perú, Argentina, Brasil, Estados Unidos y México, que en esta segunda parte analiza cómo los grupos negacionistas han articulado acciones y agendas con organizaciones ultraconservadoras durante la emergencia sanitaria.

Como parte de esta investigación, identificamos alrededor de 66 organizaciones civiles, religiosas y políticas ultraconservadoras en México, que han incrementado sus acciones durante la pandemia. Aunque tienen diferencias en su radicalismo, los une un discurso contra derechos civiles adquiridos, como el aborto y el matrimonio igualitario; u otros recién ganados como el cambio de identidad en las actas de nacimiento. 

Algunas de las grandes organizaciones están conformadas por decenas de grupos más pequeños y regionales que colaboran en la articulación local, donde tienen más influencia, pero al tener alianzas nacionales, pueden potenciar sus acciones y discursos. Pero también se aglutinan en torno a asociaciones extranjeras, tanto latinoamericanas como europeas y de Estados Unidos. Algunas de ellas son Political Network for Values, Population Research Institute o Hazte Oír. 

66 ORGANIZACIONES CIVILES, RELIGIOSAS Y POLÍTICAS ULTRACONSERVADORAS CON UN DISCURSO CONTRA DERECHOS ADQUIRIDOS HAN INCREMENTADO SUS ACCIONES".

Si bien la gran mayoría de las organizaciones analizadas se definen como civiles, tienen fuertes vínculos con las iglesias católicas o evangélicas, algunas se dicen pluri religiosas. A pesar de las históricas diferencias entre católicos y cristianos en México, han encontrado algo que los une: su defensa a la “familia natural”, la libertad religiosa y su oposición a la educación laica, al derecho a decidir de las mujeres y al matrimonio igualitario.  

Una característica de estos grupos es que suelen surgir como reacción a políticas públicas, por ejemplo, la Unión Nacional de Padres de Familia en 1917, para oponerse a la educación laica; o el Frente Nacional por la Familia que surgió como respuesta a la propuesta de Enrique Peña Nieto, en 2016, de permitir el matrimonio igualitario. Otras han emergido previo a las elecciones para poder incidir en el electorado. Pocas son las que perduran, ya sea que se unen a otras, cambian de nombres o simplemente desaparecen. De las pocas que transparentan sus ingresos, OjoPúblico encontró que sólo 10 de ellas recibieron 103.8 millones de dólares en donativos en un lapso de 11 años.

Estas organizaciones utilizan las redes sociales y plataformas de mensajería instantánea para amplificar sus mensajes falsos: dicen que los diputados adquirirán la patria potestad de niños y niñas para impartirles educación sexual sin la autorización de sus familias, o que impondrán el aborto en todo el país desde los 12 años. Mienten al decir que obligarán a los niños a renunciar a su identidad sexual e incluso han llegado a decir que la libertad religiosa está en riesgo. 

La base de datos construida para esta investigación detalla cómo estas organizaciones han endurecido su discurso durante la crisis sanitaria, pero también cómo han comenzado a articular una estrategia política con miras al proceso electoral del 2021, que oficialmente dio inicio el 7 de setiembre y en cuya votación, el 6 de julio, se elegirán 500 diputados federales y 1.063 estatales, 1.923 alcaldías y 15 gubernaturas.

SOLO 10 ORGANIZACIONES RECIBIERON 103.8 MILLONES DE DÓLARES EN DONATIVOS EN UN LAPSO DE 11 AÑOS".

Tania Hernández Vicencio, investigadora del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia explica que estos grupos de creyentes tomaron fuerza cuando  “durante el pontificado de Juan Pablo II se echó a andar una estrategia del empoderamiento en los espacios de la sociedad civil y como cuestionan la representación de los partidos se articulan fuera, pero no tan lejos y lo que vemos es una práctica constante de cabildeo en los congresos locales, federales, en las alcaldías”.

Entre las organizaciones ultraconservadoras está la plataforma Voto Católico, que monitorea el trabajo legislativo y califica a los legisladores dependiendo de si se apegan al ideario cristiano o no. Otras organizaciones, como el Frente Nacional por la Familia, han comenzado a impulsar estrategias más internacionales. Han pedido a la Cancillería y al Senado que México se adhiera al Consenso de Ginebra, un documento firmado por 32 países, entre los que están Estados Unidos, Hungría, Emiratos Árabes Unidos, Congo y de América, Brasil y Haití, para que no se considere el aborto como un derecho y se fortalezca un único concepto de familia.

El Partido Acción Nacional (PAN) incluyó en el Anteproyecto del Programa de Acción Política y la Plataforma Electoral 2021 como propuesta el derecho a la vida desde la concepción y hasta la muerte natural, la familia como “la primera comunidad natural” y el PIN parental para que padres de familia puedan elegir la educación que quieren para sus hijos.

“Algunas de estas organizaciones son reactivas, pero siempre existen, siempre están actuando política y socialmente con actividades y no siempre quieren ser vistos y sólo se muestran cuando se sienten agraviados, sienten que sus valores, que la forma en que conciben el mundo, que su cotidianidad está siendo amenazada”, explica Mario Virgilio Santiago Jiménez, investigador de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.

Durante estos meses, las organizaciones ultraconservadoras se han mostrado aún más fundamentalistas en sus mensajes. Por ejemplo, durante las protestas en Puebla, para pedir que no se despenalice la interrupción del embarazo, se hicieron pintas en las calles asegurando que “si hay aborto, hay guerra”. Hay tuits de líderes que aseguran que defenderán su religión “con un crucifijo en la mano y con la espada en la otra”.

Protestas contra el aborto en Puebla, México. Revista Almanaque. 2020

PROTESTAS.  En noviembre un grupo de activistas conservadores hizo pintas frente al Congreso de Puebla para mostrar su rechazo a la iniciativa de despenalización de la interrupción del embarazo, presentada por el partido Morena.

Crédito: Revista Almanaque.

 

En México, el aborto es legal sólo en caso de violación en todo el país, en algunos estados también si está en riesgo la vida de la mujer; sólo en Oaxaca y Ciudad de México se permite libremente hasta las 12 semanas de embarazo. Grupos de mujeres han tomado los congresos estatales de Puebla y Quinta Roo para exigir que se despenalice el aborto.

La historiadora Tania Hernández Vicencio observa que se está construyendo “una ciudadanía muy conservadora que disputa el espacio público, programas concretos de la agenda pública. Han de haber unas 20 organizaciones muy enfocadas en eso”, que impulsan su agenda, sobre todo en las alcaldías y han logrado que sus programas trascienden los gobiernos.

Xóchitl Patricia Campos López, investigadora de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla cree que estas agrupaciones tienen un papel importante en las agendas políticas en un contexto electoral: “las alianzas que puedan hacer los grupos con los partidos políticos son vitales”, pues lo que buscan es reducir derechos. Están totalmente focalizados en la acción político electoral. “Por eso FreNaAA (Frente Nacional Anti AMLO) y Sí por México, (organizaciones ultraconservadoras) le apuestan a la parte ética y al civismo.

Durante la pandemia estos grupos han pedido que se dejen de practicar abortos o no se legisle a favor de la comunidad LGBT por no ser “actividades esenciales”, mientras tanto, han impulsado iniciativas en contra de la educación sexual en las escuelas de nivel básico o promovido reformas “con enfoque de familia”, ya con miras en las elecciones. Estas organizaciones  están “totalmente volcadas a la acción político electoral, por eso si no votas es pecado, es una obligación moral de participar por el bien común, influyen mucho porque generan opinión pública”, dice Campos López.

Existen organizaciones que son más bien perfiles en redes sociales que buscan convertir sus temas en tendencias, hay otras cuya misión es fungir como valla humana para proteger los templos durante las protestas feministas; otras más hacen cabildeos constantemente en congresos, en la Suprema Corte, organismos internacionales, etcétera. Y otras con un trabajo más de largo plazo y silencioso. Una de ellas es El Yunque.

 

El Yunque en todos los partidos

El Yunque es una organización católica secreta fundada en los años 50 del siglo pasado en el estado de Puebla con la anuencia de obispos católicos, que busca instaurar el reino de dios en la tierra y, para lograrlo, comenzó reclutando hijos de familias adineradas, empresarios y otros grupos de élite. Es de las pocas que ha logrado, no sólo trascender el milenio, sino crecer su influencia más allá de México y ahora tiene presencia en más de 20 países de América, Europa y ha llegado hasta Filipinas.

Edgar González Ruiz, quien ha escrito numerosos textos sobre esta agrupación, explica que en el Yunque solían actuar como cruzados que combaten a los enemigos de su fe, entre ellos se encuentran los judíos, las feministas, la iglesia católica progresista, los comunistas. Pero además de querer recristianizar la sociedad, buscan tener poder e influencia para lograr y conservar sus objetivos de grupo y personales, por lo que son protectores con su red.

Durante décadas su existencia parecía ser un rumor, pero una denuncia en España confirmó que la organización es real, aunque no tenga una personería jurídica. Los reportes la ubican detrás del partido ultraconservador Vox y organizaciones como Hazte Oír y Citizen Go que lideran acciones contra el aborto, el matrimonio igualitario o la laicidad del Estado. Sus métodos fueron reprobados por los obispos españoles pues la vieron como una secta.

Después del escándalo en España, en México se reconoció que El Yunque existe y que su nombre es Organización del Bien Común, pero negaron que fuera una agrupación secreta, sino que es “discreta” y por lo tanto se desconoce quiénes la integran.

Lo que sí se sabe es que ha conseguido que algunos de sus militantes gobiernen estados como Guanajuato, Jalisco, Aguascalientes, un sinnúmero de alcaldías, obtengan curules en los congresos federal y estatales e incluso puestos en los gabinetes de los expresidentes del PAN Vicente Fox (2000- 2006) y Felipe Calderón (2006-2012). Principalmente buscan ocupar cargos en los ministerios de educación para, desde ahí, influir en los programas de estudios.

EL YUNQUE ES UNA ORGANIZACIÓN CATÓLICA ULTRACONSERVADORA DE MÉXICO, CON PRESENCIA EN MÁS DE 20 PAÍSES DE AMÉRICA, EUROPA Y ASIA.

En el gobierno de López Obrador también han encontrado espacios, como su exlíder (señalado así por algunos desertores) Manuel Espino Barrientos, que además de dirigir al PAN, fue Presidente de la Organización Demócrata Cristiana de América de 2007 a 2010. A pesar de haber sido un férreo crítico de AMLO fue postulado como diputado federal por Morena y actualmente es Comisionado del Servicio de Protección Federal. También el sacerdote Alejandro Solalinde fue parte del grupo y ahora integra el círculo cercano de Andrés Manuel.

Diego Martin Velázquez Caballero, catedrático de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, explica que a pesar de las alianzas que hizo Morena con personas vinculadas o integrantes del Yunque en Puebla se logró aprobar el matrimonio igualitario, “parece ser que el presidente ha tenido que reconocer algunos de estos avances, pero en el fondo no está de acuerdo”.

El investigador ve el acercamiento entre el Yunque y el gobierno actual gobierno casi normal, “estos movimientos de sociedades secretas van penetrando, desdoblando, fracturando y van colonizando muchos espacios. Está presente en una gran cantidad de partidos, de escuelas, con los empresarios. El Yunque en México tiene una presencia importante en el poder, aunque ellos dicen que no están vinculados con la iglesia están tutelados por los obispos, lo que quiere decir que hay una dirección”.

El desertor Luis Paredes Moctezuma, hace 10 años declaró que “lo que más le convendría al Yunque es que ganara Andrés Manuel López Obrador porque se polarizaría brutalmente la sociedad mexicana… una extrema izquierda delirante le daría enorme protagonismo a una extrema derecha delirante”.

Diputados mexicanos apoyando propuestas anti aborto del Frente Nacional por la Familia. Cámara de Diputados. 2020

EN EL CONGRESO. Diputados mexicanos apoyando propuestas provida del Frente Nacional por la Familia.

Crédito: Cámara de Diputados.

Álvaro Delgado dice que El Yunque “es como la humedad, se cuela en todos lados, pero principalmente buscan los espacios educativos y de formación para empresarios para inculcar su agenda”. El periodista dice que existen varias asociaciones que le sirven de fachada a la comunidad, la más famosa e influyente es el Frente Nacional por la Familia, cuyo líder, Rodrigo Iván Cortés Jiménez es uno de los más acérrimos críticos del presidente y ha logrado aglutinar a decenas de organizaciones en su entorno, pero también contar con el respaldo de asociaciones internacionales como la española Hazte Oír o Political Network for Values, que reúne a líderes conservadores del mundo y otras tantas a lo largo de América Latina.

Su presencia en las cámaras de diputados y senadores es constante, hace unas semanas logró que diputados del PAN, Partido Revolucionario Institucional, Partido Encuentro Solidario (que es aliado de AMLO) y Movimiento Ciudadano se pronunciaran en contra de la legalización del aborto y se comprometieran a presentar tres peticiones sobre el tema a la Organización de las Naciones Unidas y la Organización de los Estados Americanos.

Algunos analistas encuentran que FreNaAA tiene una ala integrada por yunques, que si bien el principal objetivo del frente es que López Obrador deje la presidencia y lo acusan de poner en riesgo la propiedad privada, en su manifiesto se oponen al aborto y al matrimonio igualitario, en sus protestas suele haber rosarios, rezos e imágenes de la virgen.

Velázquez Caballero dice que el Yunque “es más que un partido, es establishment, logra absorber una organización y cuando ésta ya no les resulta útil se deshacen de ella”.

 

AMLO y sus opositores se parecen más de lo que creen

Aunque sus detractores acusan a López Obrador de ser comunista, promotor de la ideología de género, entre otras cosas, lo cierto es que el presidente, a pesar de definirse como de izquierda, es conservador. Así lo demuestran sus alianzas electorales: con exmiembros del Yunque, católicos conservadores como el expresidente del PAN, Germán Martínez Cázares; el exjefe de la Oficina de la Presidencia, Alfonso Romo, quien es cercano al Opus Dei y la alianza con el extinto Partido Encuentro Social (hoy llamado Encuentro Solidario- PES), agrupación confesional evangélica, entre otras.

Y hay algo en lo que han coincidido: los grupos más radicales han dado su apoyo a Trump durante la campaña al considerarlo un presidente provida y defensor de la familia, aún cuando haya cientos de niños migrantes separados de sus papás. Estas organizaciones se han resistido a reconocer el triunfo de Joe Biden… al igual que el presidente.

AMLO cotidianamente hace alusión a frases bíblicas, cita al papa, ha mostrado las imágenes religiosas que carga consigo como protección. En ceremonias importantes, como la celebración de la Independencia de México, cuyas arengas demuestran lo que al ejecutivo federal en turno le importa, Andrés Manuel soltó un “viva el amor al prójimo”, además de las tradicionales que recuerdan a los héroes de la patria.

Recientemente presentó una Guía Ética para la Transformación de México en el que plantea 20 principios y valores, entre los que resaltan “el amor al prójimo es la esencia del humanismo” o “el perdón libera a quien lo otorga y a quien lo recibe”. Si bien el presidente ha dicho que estos postulados no serán obligatorios, se entregarán 8 millones de copias a adultos mayores beneficiarios de programas sociales.  

LÓPEZ OBRADOR CONTRIBUYÓ A UNA NUEVA SIGNIFICACIÓN DE LA LAICIDAD, DONDE LA RELIGIÓN SE VE COMO PARTE NATURAL DEL DEBATE PÚBLICO”, DICE TANIA HERNÁNDEZ VICENCIO.

La profesora Tania Hernández Vicencio encuentra que “López Obrador ha contribuido a una nueva significación de la laicidad donde la religión se ve como parte natural del debate público”. Actualmente, “más que hablar si son izquierdas o derechas es el asunto del conservadurismo mexicano que está en todos los partidos políticos. El debate ayudará a replantearnos las ideas que tuvimos durante el siglo XX en temas como laicidad, espacio público y entender a estos grupos, porque en aras de construir un espacio público- democrático, tienen todo el derecho a expresarse, tienen derecho a ejercer su cabildeo”.

Velázquez Caballero cree que “los católicos están viviendo un replanteamiento de la laicidad, ya no es un anticlericalismo, es una laicidad pluri religiosa. Muchos grupos que estaban acostumbrados a ciertas canonjías y a ciertos beneficios ahora se preocupan porque el nuevo “Estado Laico” ya no beneficia tanto a la iglesia católica, ahora hoy otros credos, otros grupos, otras teologías”.

Estamos viviendo una crisis, “se desfondó el sistema político y de partidos y los mecanismos clásicos de cómo establecer la geometría política. Se fracturaron los referentes que teníamos y hoy contamos con un presidente que se dice de izquierda, con una agenda conservadora en muchos temas y, por el otro lado, está la emergencia de muchos grupos que tratan de encontrar su lugar, y lo que tenemos es un escenario político descuadrado”, dice Santiago Jiménez.

 

Señales de alerta

Para Franco Savarino Roggero, profesor en la Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia, hay algunas señales a las que hay que prestarles atención. Por ejemplo, que la autoridad electoral haya permitido la formación del PES a pesar de ser abiertamente evangélico. “La última vez que hubo un partido religioso fue durante la caída de Porfirio Díaz con el Partido Católico Nacional Mexicano, en 1911. El PAN no es confesional pero sí con una fuerte presencia católica”.

Otra señal fue la iniciativa que buscaba permitirles a las iglesias poseer medios de comunicación “son intentos de ver hasta qué punto puede resistirse el Estado Laico por parte de grupos religiosos, para ver hasta dónde puede avanzar su agenda”.

En su opinión “la agenda fundamentalista que promueven vuelve tóxico el ambiente político” sobre todo cuando se afectan los derechos humanos “son temáticas muy importantes que afectan la vida social y que podrían verse gravemente afectadas por el empoderamiento de estos grupos que muchas veces se manifiesta a través de cabildeo, lobbies, negociaciones más o menos ocultas, intercambio de votos, clientelismo y todo esto pasa fuera del alcance de la opinión pública”.

LA AGENDA QUE PROMUEVEN LOS GRUPOS ULTRACONSERVADORES VUELVE TÓXICO EL AMBIENTE POLÍTICO”, SEÑALA FRANCO SAVARINO ROGGERO.

Otro riesgo para el Estado Laico es que “a fuerza de hablar de Dios, de moral, de cuestiones vinculadas con asuntos religiosos, poco a poco, la opinión pública se acostumbra que es normal, y no debería ser tan normal. Y, poco a poco, nos convertimos en un país que no queremos, en el que el discurso público se invoca a Dios, a la Biblia y los valores religiosos, lo estamos experimentando progresivamente”.

Para el investigador, aunque no ve un riesgo inminente, la única alternativa para proteger el Estado laico mexicano es “estar vigilantes, defender el espacio de la laicidad como un espacio de convivencia pacífica, de diálogo. No puede el Estado imponer un criterio moral, debe ser un árbitro para que podamos convivir tranquilamente las diversas creencias o no creencias”.

Sin embargo, nunca como ahora se había vivido un momento tan delicado, donde las amenazas al laicismo y a la separación del estado de cualquier influencia confesional, no solo provienen de grupos reactivos, sino que también surgen desde la cúpula misma del Estado, mientras las fuerzas de izquierda y liberales que han defendido a un estado separado de las convicciones religiosas, se desmovilizan por las alianzas que les permitieron llegar al poder.

 

Relacionados

Pandemia, Grupos conservadores, México, Aborto, educación sexual, Matrimonio igualitario

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Political Factionalism in Mexico Facing the Shock of the Future

Diego Martin Velázquez Caballero

https://www.semanarioelreto.com/single-post/el-faccionalismo-pol%C3%ADtico-en-m%C3%A9xico

The North American electoral process has confirmed a dispute that all societies maintain in the face of modernity and continuous progress. Deep down, it remains the same as always, despite the fact that it changes protagonists, flags, contexts and rhetoric: liberals and conservatives. Even though it seemed that the American civil war had settled the point, the characteristics that distinguish the Trump Nation - American Native - show that the North-South divide is still conflicted in some way.

When, how and why progress? The answer depends on the elites and their interests, while society remains on the sidelines, as it can have little influence against the system that is imposed on it. The economic, political and social challenges posed by runaway modernization have pulverized the party system and realigned elites in various countries in search of options to maintain their hegemony. There is no struggle between globalphobics and globalizers but between elites and oligarchies that have chained their interests and companies to one or another project. The masses, but above all the weak and naive middle class, can do little to avoid this dilemma.

John Gray, the skeptical conservative English philosopher, considered, like AMLO - keeping the proper proportions - that the pandemic was going to reorient public policies towards a strengthening of the State and internal economies. It didn't happen like that, it won't happen like that.

While MORENA, or the 4T, or what AMLO understands by Revolutionary Conservative, they try to generate a nationalist capitalism, PRIANRD or México Sí, or FRENAA, or whatever the clerofascists understand by conservative liberalism, they are achieving notable advances with respect to the elections from 2021.

The dilemma of survival in the face of globalization is so serious that the parties have put aside their ideological doctrines and in true leaps of faith have decided to gamble. Factionalism and transfuguism are carried out immorally for all sides. Andrés Oppenheimer, in two simple but illuminating books about the future, warns that the automation and digitization of the world are inevitable. Countries will have to prepare to face competition that is no longer against companies but against humanity itself. The pandemic has locked a large part of human beings on the internet and the other is facing COVID-19 amidst uncertainty. Technology and machines seem to have defeated human beings. Jorge Castañeda, in another old analysis of Japan - as Oppenheimer himself does - considered basic income or minimum social justice policies essential while society assimilates technological advance. The division between technocrats and politicians seems to have lost meaning and a new scheme of techno / optimists and techno / pessimists begins to take on identity.

Schools and teachers are being forced to close technological and social gaps. It is true that contexts are not always suitable for everyone, but; somehow, educational actors adapt to the trends of virtual neoliberalism. In Oppenheimer's text - Who can save himself - we find that digitization will only allow the survival of two jobs: the highly sophisticated and those that can hardly be done by a robot. This assumption is important for thinking about education and how context influences.

Economy and technology imply costs that not everyone can pay, they obey oligarchic interests that seek to maintain their hegemony, but individuals - and sometimes the State as a social contract - must seek options to correct the abuses and defects that this situation generates. Faced with automation and digitization, two types of jobs will survive: 1. Those that are very sophisticated and require permanent training to update themselves, and 2. Jobs that depend on physical skills and resistance that artificial intelligence robots cannot. do. The other jobs will be literally swept away. Hence, becoming aware of the way that technology influences economic development leads to running towards one of the two extremes. That is why education is essential in this process. On the one hand, the issue of soft skills constitutes the only source of survival in an almost apocalyptic context, the school has become an exclusive refuge where people -of any age- will go to recover in mentality, attitudes and aptitudes. Actually, the transmission of knowledge will be less and less in schools and, nevertheless, the fraternity and humanism that distinguish teaching will be the main incentive. For this reason, although schools and teachers may not have the latest technology, they are convergent spaces for training, recovery and formation of social expectations. It is talking about the industrial and financial transformation so serious for people who need to promote resistance, courage and cunning as the essence of the human condition in addition to technological training.

Many jobs have disappeared and will disappear in the face of a hybrid and virtual reality that is increasingly imposed on us in an almost totalitarian way. Education, for the most part, will be hybrid, although for the privileged and not so privileged, it will be informal. Humanity lives a technological, economic, health trauma -shock-; which is raising the need for accelerated changes. Some signals were given by those who drive the robotic and cyber world, but nothing is written. It is humanism that can and always has redeemed people.

Governments, parties and politics are rethinking themselves in the face of a reality that, as has happened in other historical moments, could be used to reduce suffering and the lack of opportunities for millions of people. The internet, automation, aeronautics, robotics and digitization no longer run the same risk as, in their time, nuclear energy; now economic interests freely and utilitarian manage their access.

Automation and digitization are huge opportunities for government practice. The new possibility of conquering space and colonizing planets are options for Mexican emigration. The future awaits a government capable of taking advantage of the conditions. Not afraid of the future, says Yehezkel Dror, but the MORENA government has been paralyzed.

The question in Mexico is that neither MORENA nor the PRIANRD Pragmatic Poliparty Coalition have options for the post-Covid world. Nowhere are serious and real models developed to execute effective actions. The apocalypse is not over yet, but it will end. And there is no glimpse of how Mexico will live when economies have to open up. There is not enough time for MORENA to try to create a bourgeoisie in the south, as the right did in the north at the time. The severe economic recession that the United States is experiencing is not a bridge for the market to solve things as the traditional Mexican bourgeoisie wishes.

Why was the infrastructure not built to bring water from the south to the north, or to the desert south itself? By when will the federal agencies leave the capital? Until when will AMLO take his own ideas seriously? The six-year term has been bogged down in a factional struggle that is dangerous for governance. In a post-pandemic but highly automated and digitized world, informality and crime are safe receptacles if universal education and the abatement of digital illiteracy are not guaranteed. Morena's nationalist capitalism requires the energies that Donald Trump lacked to build the wall, a centralization of power for which time is running out. Approval does not mean electoral preference and, compared to 2021, Q4 is being canceled. If AMLO bets on internal capitalism, the infrastructure can no longer wait; on the other hand, if neoliberal globalization will continue to be the unavoidable route, the issue of education and social equity cannot be postponed.

While the MORENA governments are only trying to attract, in a crude and ridiculous way, the defectors of the factual powers to rebuild the model of the PRI State, the world is advancing towards dystopian stages that were predicted in the next two hundred years. The future is closer and closer and it will not stop with societies like Mexico, and others, that do not resolve their digital and economic gaps. Automation and digitization cause millions of unemployment, the pandemic will also affect the economy and leave a deep hole in public social protection. It is paradoxical that Vicente Fox is still right: not only has he been right with the legalization of marijuana, he was also right with the idea that the English language is necessary for Mexican emigrants to work better in the United States; now gardeners will be needed on Mars. Then, Amlo asks Marta Sahagún for the pills or the extreme right proposes her as a future candidate for the presidency of the republic for Morena or Mexico Sí.

Paradoxes of the Right. Imperialism as a victim of empire

Paradoxes of the Right. Imperialism as a victim of empire

November 16, 2020

Diego Martín Velázquez Caballero

https://www.semanarioelreto.com/single-post/2020/11/16/Paradojas-de-la-Derecha-El-imperialismo-como-v%C3%ADctima-del-imperio

In 2016, many communities of the Mixteca Poblana held processions and Catholic masses so that Donald Trump lost the elections, the towns saw with concern that the anti-Mexican rhetoric of the Republican radicalized the measures that Barack Obama implemented during his administration. The separation of families, the unjustified expulsions, the destruction of the American dream in many people, generated widespread concern about those who threatened a total wall, the expulsion of all Mexicans and the mortgage to the country to pay the costs. What will the government and society in Mexico do if they deport millions of compatriots? How will the wall be paid for? Is Donald Trump going to invade Mexico to end drug trafficking? In retrospect, as the Guadalupano pricommunists say that God is a PRI and a pro-Yanqui, it is no longer known what happened. Either God listens too late or, outright, Mexicans also dislike him.

The defeat of Donald Trump was a matter of time, he did not have the capacity to create public policies to subdue the financial capitalism of his country, he lacked vision to subdue the bureaucracy, the intelligence apparatus and the armed forces in the mission of containing the decline of North America. Trump's common sense failed to consider that only leadership was enough to mobilize the public apparatus and rescue the State. Financial and globalizing capitalism, in conjunction with dual progressive movements financed by the pragmatic right wing and a set of bogus media, has led it to bankrupt itself in the possibility of a hiatus in extractive post-neoliberalism reactivated with Joe Biden.

The failure of Donald Trump is the loss of the North American State and a clear message for nations like England, Russia and China, sovereign and imperious in the idea of ​​keeping their economies protected. The power of the swallow capitals has been joined by the chapellanocracy of the Catholic Church which, precisely in secrecy and political anarchy, has managed to sustain much of its power

For some, Joe Biden represents the civilization of democratic politics and globalized capitalism. It does not seem. The geopolitics of the Second World War is crumbling and there is no forecast that allows us to understand the new scenario where the Empire tries to impose itself. The Empire (Hardt / Negri) is the model of portfolio capitalism, invisible, virtual, which seeks to escape state control and is the promoter of an anarchist neoliberalism: that which is said to be capable of promoting coups d'état, or anything else, to get the lithium anywhere. The empire has defeated imperialism just as it defeated communism. The global health crisis is more serious than the fall of the USSR in 1989. It is urgent to slow down financial globalization, strengthen the state and keep nations safe. Yankee imperialism leaves its place to the empire of hidden investments.

For Mexico, the situation in the United States is more than important. The experience after stabilizing development indicates that Bankers, Businessmen and the Catholic Church always operate against popular interests. Reflecting on one of the youngest and most dynamic administrations, the six-year term of Carlos Salinas de Gortari, errors in his administration can be detected, according to the self-criticism of his works, and reflected in the situation that, as in the case of Donald Trump, can lead to the failure of the project: not to eliminate the nomenklatura, agree to the reform of art. 130 constitutional and depend on financial capitalism.

Since 1994 the Mexican state has not been able to restore itself and the national economy has collapsed. Salinas has retreated from neoliberalism and points out the importance of an economy of social liberalism conjured from financial capitalism / empire and with a strong state. The lesson that the transexenal project cost CSG has been repeated with the dragon effect, zamba, tequila, y2k, the war against drugs, etc. Extractivist neoliberalism, like financial anarchism, are enemies of humanity and have an extreme individualism that can end everyone.

Luc Boltanski points out the importance of a reality where the political sphere provides security, certainty and legality –in some way- to citizens. Now all that seems to be falling apart. The enemies of the State: capitalists, criminals and secret societies, seek ungovernability and confrontation, the exception of the rule of law, colonialism and the sovereignty of the powers that be. That is the reality that the United States will dominate and that has been inserted in Mexico since the late 1990s. The empire represents the death of politics, law, society and true responsible freedoms. Controlling uncertainty is more than necessary in humanitarian crisis situations such as the one we are currently experiencing; however, the empire hides itself and weakens the states. The order of chaos is what financial capitalism (Naim) seeks. The death of the State implies absolute subjection to the criminal powers. Neither the businessmen nor the Catholic Church, nor the bankers nor the progressive social movements, will save the people, who has to do it is the political community par excellence: the State

The Mexican political system is extremely weak compared to the variables of the United States, nature and health. The Mexican right, even in its fascist aspect, has never cared about the strength of the national state. An influential commentator on social networks, Patricia Navidad, shared on Twitter during the US electoral process: “The so-called Mexican right supports the US left, they say they do not want socialism, communism or dictatorship, but they support and defend Biden who comes with an agenda New World Order, communist, dictatorial and tyrannical ”. In the same vein, Eduardo Verástegui questioned Ricardo Anaya's support for the Democratic Party and its candidate.

In CSG and Trump López Obrador must look at himself. Morena has barbaric cannibalism and brutality, the lack of a political project and governance is increasingly evident. One thing is clear from the brief experience of Morenoist governments at the state and federal level. Democracy is secular or it is not democracy. The axis of religiosity was more than important in AMLO's proposal to achieve diverse alliances that would allow him to come to power. However, most of these groups have worked only for their interests and have contributed nothing to social transformation. The problem of governance in Mexico is not having a political participation apparatus that is superior to the corporatism of the Catholic Church and the economic concern of businessmen.